Insights
Practical notes on functional safety and industrial AI, written for engineers who do the work.
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Why PFDavg alone does not prove a SIL
Probability of failure, fault tolerance and systematic capability are three separate checks. A worked example of a function that passes one and fails another.
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Proof test coverage: the parameter SIL calculations often get wrong
How the test you perform, and how long a device stays in service, move PFDavg by a full SIL band.
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What a RAG assistant needs before it can read your engineering documents
Document inventory, text quality, structure-aware splitting, hybrid search, citations and an evaluation set.